在ASP.NET MVC中有四种过滤器类型

 Action

1、在ASP.NET MVC项目中,新建文件夹Filter,然后新建类MyCustormFilter,继承自ActionFilterAttribute类,我们来看下ActionFilterAttribute类有如下四个方法,从命名我应该就可以看出他们的执行时机。

public class MyCustormFilter:ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("Action执行前");
            base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext);
        }
        public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("Action执行后");
            base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext);
        }
    }

2、对于过滤器,我们可以把它们加在三个地方,一个是控制器上面(控制器下面的所有Action),一个是Action上面(指定标识的Action),另一个就是全局位置(所有控制器中的Action)。这里我只演示在Action上面加

Result

 1、新建类TestResultFilter,继承ActionFilterAttribute

public class TestResultFilter:ActionFilterAttribute
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 加载 "视图" 前执行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filterContext"></param>
        public override void OnResultExecuting(System.Web.Mvc.ResultExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("加载视图前执行 OnResultExecuting <br/>");
            base.OnResultExecuting(filterContext);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 加载"视图" 后执行
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filterContext"></param>
        public override void OnResultExecuted(System.Web.Mvc.ResultExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("加载视图后执行 OnResultExecuted <br/>");
            base.OnResultExecuted(filterContext);
        }
    }

2、这里我把TestResultFilter过滤器加在控制器上面

注意:Result过滤器,无论Action的返回类型为什么(甚至void)都将执行。

RouteData中保存了当前请求匹配的路由信息和路由对象

修改MyCustormFilter.cs

public override void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            //1.获取获取请求的类名和方法名
            string strController = filterContext.RouteData.Values["controller"].ToString();

           string strAction = filterContext.RouteData.Values["action"].ToString();

//2.另一种方式获取请求的类名和方法名

string strAction2 = filterContext.ActionDescriptor.ActionName; string strController2 = filterContext.ActionDescriptor.ControllerDescriptor.ControllerName; filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("Action执行前</br>"); filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("控制器:" + strController + "</br>"); filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("控制器:" + strController2+"</br>"); filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("Action:" + strAction + "</br>"); filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("Action:" + strAction2 + "</br>"); base.OnActionExecuting(filterContext); }

AuthorizeAttribute

1、  新建TestAuthorizeAttribute

 /// <summary>
    /// 授权过滤器 --在Action过滤器前执行
    /// </summary>
    public class TestAuthorizeAttribute:AuthorizeAttribute
    {
        public override void OnAuthorization(AuthorizationContext filterContext)
        {
            filterContext.HttpContext.Response.Write("<br/>OnAuthorization<br/>");
            //注释掉父类方法,因为父类里的 OnAuthorization 方法会调用asp.net的授权验证机制!
            //base.OnAuthorization(filterContext);
        }
}

Exception

1、新建TestHandleError.cs

/// <summary>
    /// 异常处理 过滤器
    /// </summary>
    public class TestHandleError : HandleErrorAttribute
    {
        public override void OnException(ExceptionContext filterContext)
        {
            //1.获取异常对象
            Exception ex = filterContext.Exception;
            //2.记录异常日志
            //3.重定向友好页面
            filterContext.Result = new RedirectResult("~/error.html");
            //4.标记异常已经处理完毕
            filterContext.ExceptionHandled = true;

            base.OnException(filterContext);
        }
    }

2、在Action上面加TestHandleError

注意:通常这样的异常处理我们是放在全局过滤器上面的。

public class FilterConfig
    {
        public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
        {
            //filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
            //添加全局过滤器
            filters.Add(new TestHandleError());
        }
    }